Mateix making machine



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G. CALDER, J1". MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 444,125. Patented Jan. 6,1891.

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Patented Jan.6,1891.

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G.OAL.DER ,J1-. MATRIX MAKING MACHINE.

No. 444,125. Patented Jan. 6, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE CALDER, J R, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO MARY H.CALDER, OF SAME PLACE.

, MATRIX-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 444,125, dated January6, 1891. Application filed January 31 1890 Serial No. 338.744- (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GEORGE CALDER, J12, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancasterand State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMatrix-Making Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, (31631,Etl1d exact'description of theinvention, such as willenable oth- [o ers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

The object of the invention is to provide a machine for impressingmatrices that shall be simple in structure and easyrand efficient inoperation; and it consists in the matter hereinafter described andpointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical section ofthe machine; Fig. 2, a plan partlyin section. Fig. 3 is a plan of aratchet-wheel and rack-bar and intermediate gear-wheels. Fig. 4 is aplan of a lever for moving cocks. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively an endelevation and longitudinal section of a gear-wheel with its journal andlongitudinally-movable shaft. Fig.7 is a perspective of a modifieddevice for moving a type-holder. Fig. 8 is an enlarged View of a typeand of a section of a type-holder, and

Fig. 9 is a transverse section of the holder.

In this machine the type-carrier and the hammer for impressing the typeupon the matrix are moved preferably by compressed air, and the cooksfor effecting the operations are suitably opened and closed bya seriesof oper- 3 5 ating-rods 1, provided with suitable knobs extending abovethe top of the machine or above its key-board or operating-table, acylinder, piston, and piston-rod having thereon a typecarrier anddevices for moving the piston and carrier by compressed fluid, and alsothe combination therewith of a piston-hammer operated by similar meansand not claimed herein, being the subject of claims in my application,Serial No. 335,100, filed December 27,

The type-carrier 9 is by preference a longitudinal section of a cylindermade fast to a piston-rod, which is provided Wit-h a piston withincylinder 8. Compressed air is alternately admitted to each side of thepiston and discharged or wasted from the other by means of cocks 15 and15, and the type-carrier 9 is thereby moved to and fro under the hammer9. The type-carrier is provided with any convenient number of series oftype supported in transverse openings therein in manner indicated inFig. 8.

50 denotes the end of the type that receives the impact of the hammer,and 51 a section of the carrier, and 52 a spring which normally supportsthe type in the position illustrated, said spring in the presentinstance being secured to the type-body in a space between bushingsinserted in the body of the carrier. Type of. a particular size orcharacter are or may be arranged in each series of openings.

Each distinct series of type should be provided with its own series ofstops. One series of stops may, however, be used with separate series oftype if the latter-be of the same dimensions and arranged in the sameorder, though the style of the type varies. Thus series of Roman andItalic characters might be operated with a single series of stops. Ifthe type-carrier is made semi-cylindrical, or 75. nearly so, the outwardrows of type should not be placed so close to the edge of the carrierthat when turned to an operative position the opposite edge of thecarrier will be placed in the path of the hammer.

The lengthwise movement of carrier9 from cylinder 8 and under the hammeris determined in each case by a stop 3 appropriate to a particular typeand arranged to be raised in the path of a head or cross-bar on the freeend of shaft 7, which is affixed to the said type-carrier. Theparticular stop is selected by operating a corresponding rod 1, whichmoves a particular one of a series of levers 2, each fulcrumed, as at54, and lifts its freeend or stop 3 through an opening in table 55 andinto the path of the head 7' of the shaft 7. This head has a loose orpivoted connection with the shaft and is not revolved by it. Thepower-arm of each lever passes through a slot in its corresponding rod 1and is depressed to raise the stop on the other end by depressing therod. The lever 2 is made of steel or other elastic material, which permits its end engaging the rod to bend after the upward movement of theopposite end is arrested. This puts the arm 2 under tension,

and it thereby lifts or aids in lifting the rod when subsequentlyreleased by the operator.

The hammer 9' is operated by means of the piston with which it isconnected, and which is raised or lowered by compressed air admittedbelow or above the piston by means of suitable pipes and the air-cocks16 and 16', so arranged thatwhen compressed air is admitted to eitherside of the piston through one of the cooks it is wasted from the otherside through the other cock.

The matrix is secured upon a cylinder ll, fixed on a shaft 27, madeangular in a part of its length and movable endwise in its bearings,said bearings at one end being made to constitute journals for theratchet-wheel 27, these journals having bearings in posts 40 and bracket34:, the construction being similar to that shown in Figs. 5 audit,hereinafter to be described, and which will permit the matrix-cylinderand its shaft27' to be moved lengthwise. The shaft passes freely throughwheel 27, but is connected with it, as stated, so as to be turned whensaid wheel is turned by pawl 2-3 actuated by lever 29. This le ver ispivoted in an opening 23 formed in the wall 40, and has one arm arrangedin the path of cylinder 14 and the other loosely connected with the stemof pawl 23 which is surrounded by a retracting-spring. The lever 29 maybe actuated by hand to turn the ratchet-wheel 27 and the matrix when itis desired to omit one or more lines.

The matrix-cylinder is moved lengthwise by air-pressure alternatelyapplied to opposite sides of the piston in cylinder 18 by means ofsuitable pipes and the cocks l9 and :20. The movement of the eylinderislimited and controlled in one direction by the rack 13, which has an arm22 engaging a groove 20 in the periphery of the cylinder. This rack ismoved at will through desired distances by mechanism elsewhere setforth, and it retains the matrix-cylinder in suitable lengthwiseposition, the cylinder being positively moved by fluid-pressure to adistance determined by the arm 22 of the rack.

when air is being admitted to the right of the piston, as indicated inFig. 1, it tends to move the cylinder to the left; but the extent of themovement and the time of its occurrenceis governed by the rack 13,whichis itself moved by means of the ratchet-wheel 11 and intermediate gears57, 12, and and pinion 58, the latter being fixed upon saidratchetwheel. This wheel 11 is moved by one or more pawls 37, pivoted toa sliding plate 5, support-ed on a sliding plate or section 60, restingon a floor constituting part of the frame of the machine. The plate 5 ismoved by a cam-like projection 4: formed on the several operating-rods.These projections l are made of different widths for the purpose ofVarying the extent of the movement of the plate and pawls and of theratchet-wheel 11 and the rack 13, and consequently of the matrix, tocorrespond with the thickness of the various type corresponding to thedifferent rods having such suitable projections. By the means justdescribed the matrix can be moved by repeated use of one or moreoperating-rods the whole length of a line to be impressed thereon andmoved step by step, according to the thickness of the type representedby the particular rods that are manipulated.

As it is contemplated to use type of larger size in some of thelengthwise series in the carrier 9, a device for correspondinglyincreasing the distance moved by the ratchetwhcel 11 and the rack 13 andthe matrix has been illustrated in Fig. 2, in which (30 indicates amovable or sliding plate or table supporting and carrying one or moreplates 5, which, however, are free to move independently of said plate60. This plate may be rigidly connected by rods 70 with similar plates00 as indicated in Fig. 7, each supported upon a floor of the frame andhaving a sliding connection therewith. The upper plates 60 are notessential, however, as the various rods may pass throughsnitableopenings in the floors themselves. The plate 60 has a hearing, as at 71,in the floor and is moved by one or more rods 62, passing up throughfloors and provided with cams similar to those on rods 1 and made of asize to correspond to the increased size of the type to be used. Thus,if plate 5 and its series of operating-rods are adapted normally toaparticular font of type and it is desired to substitute type havinggreater thickness, then plate 00 and all the rods 1 connected therewithare moved by a rod 62 a fractional part of the whole distance, and plate5 is then independently moved byits type-rod. The movement of plate (30carries its type-rods a space nearer to plate 5, and also movesratchetwheel 11 and the matrix a portion of the desired distance,according to the greater size of the series, and the remainder of thedistance is completed by the individual action in the case of eachletter of its rod 1 acting independently on the plate 5.

72 are springs compressed by the action of rods 62 and their cams 4: andserve to return the plate when the rods are released by the operator andcarried up by their springs. This action is repeated for every letter orcl1aracter of the supposed larger series. A rod (52, attached to theopposite end of the pivoted lever 62 affords a means of raising rod 62to its initial position.

It should be understood that rods 62 have no connection with thevalve-operatin g mech' anism nor with the stop mechanism, and, further,that similar rods 30, having no connection with either the cooks or thestop mechanism, are provided for moving a plate 5and the ratchet-wheel11 and the matrix when blanks or spaces are desired in the line on thematrix.

The matrix-cylinder having been moved lengthwise by the above-describedmeans until the end of a line is reached, it is carried a little beyondby depressing a rod -until the matrix-cylinder strikes a lever 29,.whichcompresses the spring 23 and moves the pawland-ratchet wheel 27, therebyturning the cylinder the distance of one line, which distance can bedetermined or varied by changing said ratchet-wheel.

The matrix-cylinder is returned lengthwise to a suitable position tobegin the impressing of a new line by the suitable reversal of the cooks19 and 20 to admit compressed air at the left of the piston in cylinder18, the rack 13 being at this time released by the revolution of themutilated gear 12, bringing the part 12 of said gear adjacent to therack, whereupon the piston in cylinder 18 and the connectedmatrix-cylinder and rack 13 are returned to near the position shown inFig. 1, the cooks l9 and 20 being then reversed by projections on rod 21engaging and moving arms 35, suitably attached to said cocks. The

rod is connected to and moves with rack 13. The cocks are reversed atthe proper time at the oppositeend of the piston stroke by means ofsuitable projections on rod 21 coming in contact with levers 35, whicheffects the desired reversal and admits compressed air to force thecylinder and rack back to the position shown in Fig. 1, at which timewheel 12 is brought into gear with 59, and the rack is thereby subjectedto the control of ratchet 11.

In Figs. 2, 5, and 6 are illustrated devices for turning thetype-carrier to bring any desired series of type in line with thehammer.

25 is a gear-wheel provided with journals 41, suitably supported torevolve in bearings, as indicated. The type-carrier shaft 7 has anangular connection with these journals, as indicated, whereby it canmove lengthwise independently of the wheel, but is turned by itsrevolution. 7

24 is a rack-bar geared with wheel 25 and operated in the presentinstance by hand.

is a spring to keep a lateral rack 63 in engagement with a finger 64,which indicates the extentof the movement of the rack, and consequentlyof the type-carrier. The number of teeth in rack 63adapted to be engagedby the stop should be equal to the number of rows of type and must bearranged a suitable distance apart to hold the type series in alignmentwith the hammer.

Lever 6 for operating cocks to suitably move the type-carrier and hammeris shown in plan in Fig. 4, in which view the three large circles simplyindicate portions cut away to render the lever lighter. It is fulcrumedon the rod 38. The points of contact of a part of two series ofdepressing-rods 1 are indicated at 66. A weighted rod pivotallyconnected with bars which have a similar connection with arms rigidlyconnected with the cock is indicated at 67. A similar rod 68 isconnected with like bars and arms for operating cocks 16 and 16' to movethe hammer. These valves are normally in the the cocks.

position shown in Fig. 1, and they are reversed by the descent of rod1;, which depresses the power end of the lever 6, compressing spring 17,depressing the pivoted bars, and moving apart the arms attached .to Thesame movement of a rod 1 brings projection 4: in contact with a slidingplate 5 to move ratchet 11 and the matrix-cylinder.

The various mechanisms actuated by rods 1 are so arranged that themovement of the parts are properly timed, the stop 3 is raised,

the type-carrier 9 moved, the matrix'moved,

and the hammer operated in the order recited, but nearly simultaneously.The" reverse movement of the parts, excepting the matrix-cylinder,occurs as soon as the operator releases a rod, which is then immediatelyraised by springs 23 and spring-lever 2, the stop 3 being lowered by theascent of the rod, the cocks 16 and 16' being reversed by spring 17 andcocks 15 and 15' by weighted bar 67.

It is obvious that thematriX-cylinder could be positively moved by therack 13. It will be also understood that one or more levers 6 may beemployed, though one is sufficientin ordinary cases. Further, it will beunderstood that the number of type or type series in the carrier and thenumber of stops and of operating-rods may be varied and other mechanicalchanges .made without changing the principles of the operation, and,further, a revoluble semi-cylindrical typecarrier connected to a pistonoperated by devices utilizing fluid-pressure is thesubject of claim inmy application, Serial No. 336,736, filed January 13, 1890, andin saidapplication I have also claimed a cylindeu and piston-hammer and meansfor operating it by a compressed fluid, including conduits havingtwo-way cocks operated by the type-operatin g rods or keys andintermediate devices, said cocks being moved to permit the compressedfluid to enter the cylinder on one side of the piston and exhaust fromthe other alternately, said intermediate mechanism including a slidingpawl-plate, the several parts being so connected that the type rod orkey operates the type-carrier, hammer, and matrixcylinder, and suchdevices are not claimed herein.

I am aware that a type-roller has been journaled in arms so supported ona shaft parallel to the roller that they could be rotated on said shaftand also slid lengthwise thereon, whereby by means of intermediateparts, including a rack and pinion fixed on the typeroller axis, saidroller could be rotated and also moved longitudinally. In suchconstruction it was necessary to produce acompound motion of thebearings of the type-roller and also of the operating-key. It wasnecessary both to depress the key vertically to a given point and alsoto move it sidewise, and also the key-lever, the roller-bearings, andthe said rack and pinion, there being no means IIO Lil

whereby the axis of the rollercould be moved longitutinally in itsbearings or independently of its rotating pinion. According to myimprovement the movement of each key or operating-rod is simple anduniformly in one path, and it sets in operation distinct mechanism forrotating the type-carrier and for moving said carrier lengthwise.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by LettersPatent is 1. The type-carrier containing several series of type and itsred or shaft, in combination with a rack and gear for movingthe car riercircumferentially to bring different series under a type-hammer, saidrod being keyed to the gear-wheel and movable endwise through it,substantially as set forth.

2. A type-carrier provided with a series of type and having attached toits end a rod or shaft, a gear-wheel or ratchet, said rod passing freelythrough the wheel endwise, but keyed or otherwise connected to revolvewith it, a device for turning the wheel, and mechanism for moving thetype-carrier and rod endwise, substantially as set forth.

3. A type-carrier provided with series of type and having attached toits end a rod or shaft, a gear-wheel, said rod passing freely throughthe wheel endwise, but keyed or otherwise connected to revolve with it,a device for turning the wheel, and mechanism for moving thetype-carrier and rod endwise, including a cylinder, air-inlet, piston,and piston-rod, the latter being connected to the type-carrier,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of the grooved matrixcylinder, said cylinder beinglongitudinally movable on its supporting-shaft, devices to revolve thecylinder for line-spacing, the rackbar having a part engaging saidgroove, and mechanism for moving the bar, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the grooved matrixcylinder, said cylinder beinglongitudinally movable with its supporting-shaft, the rackbar having apart engaging said groove, and mechanism for moving the bar, anair-cylinder, and a piston on the matrix-cylinder shaft adapted to movesaid shaft and cylinder, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the grooved cylinder, said cylinder beinglongitudinally movable with its supporting-shaft, the raclcbar having apart engaging said groove, and mechanism for moving the bar, anair-cylinder, and a piston on the matrix-cylinder shaft adapted to movesaid shaft and cylinder, and a rod carried by the rack-bar to operatethe aircocks of the piston-cylinder, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of the matrix-cylinder fixed on a shaft with thepivoted lever, springpawl, and ratchet-wheel, said shaft being keyed tthe wheel, but movable end wise through it, and mechanism for moving thecylinder and shaft endwise, whereby the shaftis moved through the wheeland the cylinder against the lever, which aetnatcs the pawl to turn theratchet-wheel and cylinder, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the matrix-cylinder having its shaft extended intoan air-cylinder and provided with a piston, devices for admittingcompressed air to either side of said piston, a rack engaging saidmatrix-cylinder, and a gear-wheel for moving said rack andmatrix-cylinder in one direction, said gear-wheel being mutilated torelease the rack and permit it and the matrix-cylinder to be freelyreturned to their initial position, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of the ratchet-wheel and intermediate gearing formoving the rack which engages the matrix-cylinder, with the slidingplate and pawl for moving said wheel, bar, and cylinder, and with asecond or main plate which is made independently movable, whereby theratchet- .vheel and other connected parts can be first moved by the mainplate and then moved by the plate first mentioned, substantially as setforth.

In testimony whereof I ttffiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE CALDER, JR.

Witnesses:

WM. N. APPEL, J OHN W. APPEL.

